PDE 116 past
question
(EDUCATIONAL
SUPERVISION AND SCHOOL INSPECTION)
QUESTION
1
Examine five (5) challenges
facing school inspection in Nigeria and suggest ways for overcoming them (25
marks)
What the question asks:
·
Identify problems that hinder effective
school inspection and propose practical solutions.
In-depth answer:
Challenges:
1.
Inadequate funding – Insufficient
resources for inspectors to visit schools.
o
Solution: Government and
private sector should increase budget allocations for inspection activities.
2.
Poor infrastructure – Schools lack basic
facilities, making inspection difficult.
o
Solution: Upgrade school
facilities to facilitate smooth inspection.
3.
Shortage of trained inspectors – Few professionals
are qualified to inspect schools effectively.
o
Solution: Recruit and train
more inspectors regularly.
4.
Resistance from school staff – Teachers or
administrators may be defensive or uncooperative.
o
Solution: Sensitize schools on
the purpose of inspection; build cooperative culture.
5.
Overcrowding and high workload – Inspectors have
too many schools to visit, reducing efficiency.
o
Solution: Recruit more
inspectors and schedule inspections systematically.
Explanation:
·
Shows understanding of both practical and administrative issues affecting school supervision in
Nigeria.
QUESTION
2
(a) Outline the objectives of
Post-inspection exercises (20 marks)
What the question asks:
·
Explain what post-inspection exercises
aim to achieve after visiting a school.
In-depth answer:
1.
Evaluate the effectiveness
of teaching and learning.
2.
Identify strengths and weaknesses in school
administration.
3.
Provide feedback to teachers and school
management.
4.
Recommend areas for improvement and professional
development.
5.
Ensure compliance with policies,
curricula, and standards.
(b)
Explain what an Interim Report is and the areas covered by such reports (5
marks)
What the question asks:
·
Define interim report and outline what it contains.
In-depth answer:
·
Interim Report: A preliminary
report prepared by inspectors before the final report, summarizing
observations.
·
Areas covered:
1.
Teaching and learning quality.
2.
School administration and management.
3.
Physical facilities and resources.
4.
Staff performance and discipline.
5.
Student welfare and performance.
QUESTION
3
(a) Define statutory school
records and enumerate ten (10) that are central to the work of a school
inspector (10 marks)
What the question asks:
·
Define records required by law in schools and list ten important ones.
In-depth answer:
·
Statutory school records are official
documents required by law to be maintained in a school, providing
information for inspection, accountability, and reporting.
Ten central records:
1.
Admission register
2.
Attendance register
3.
Staff personal files
4.
Curriculum records
5.
Lesson notes
6.
Continuous assessment records
7.
School inventory
8.
Financial records/accounts
9.
Examination results and reports
10.
Staff attendance and leave register
(b)
Discuss any five of the records enumerated above (15 marks)
In-depth answer:
1.
Admission register – Records details of
all enrolled students; used for verifying enrollment and age compliance.
2.
Attendance register – Tracks daily
student attendance; important for evaluating discipline and teacher
supervision.
3.
Staff personal files – Contains
qualification, experience, and training details; helps inspectors assess staff
suitability.
4.
Lesson notes – Written plans for
lessons; shows preparation and adherence to curriculum.
5.
School inventory – Lists all school
assets; ensures resources are available and maintained.
QUESTION
4
(a) Examine the differences
between supervision and school inspection (10 marks)
What the question asks:
·
Compare and contrast two
closely related concepts.
In-depth answer:
|
Aspect |
Supervision |
School Inspection |
|
Purpose |
Supports teachers
to improve performance |
Evaluates
compliance and standards |
|
Approach |
Continuous and
collaborative |
Periodic and
formal |
|
Focus |
Professional
growth of teachers |
School overall
performance |
|
Authority |
Often internal
within the school |
Usually external
inspectors |
(b)
Outline any five (5) role expectations of an inspector in a school (15 marks)
In-depth answer:
1.
Monitor teaching and learning quality.
2.
Evaluate curriculum implementation.
3.
Assess school facilities and resources.
4.
Provide feedback and recommendations to teachers and
management.
5.
Ensure compliance with educational policies and
regulations.
QUESTION
5
Enumerate ten essential areas
of the school that should be regularly inspected and discuss any five (25
marks)
What the question asks:
·
Identify key inspection focus areas and explain at least
five in detail.
In-depth answer:
Ten areas:
1.
Classrooms
2.
Libraries
3.
Laboratories
4.
Administrative offices
5.
Staff performance
6.
Student attendance and discipline
7.
School records and registers
8.
Financial management
9.
Teaching and learning resources
10.
Extracurricular activities
Discuss any five:
1.
Classrooms – Checked for
seating, ventilation, teaching aids.
2.
Libraries – Availability of
books, journals, and reading materials.
3.
Laboratories – Proper equipment
and safety measures for practical lessons.
4.
Staff performance – Teacher
preparedness, lesson delivery, and interaction with students.
5.
School records and registers – Accuracy and
completeness of admission, attendance, and assessment records.
QUESTION
6
Explain the major activities
involved in the three (3) stages of school inspection (25 marks)
What the question asks:
·
Describe pre-inspection,
during-inspection, and post-inspection activities.
In-depth answer:
1.
Pre-inspection stage:
o
Planning visits and schedules.
o
Reviewing previous reports and school records.
o
Informing school management of the inspection schedule.
2.
During-inspection stage:
o
Observing teaching and learning processes.
o
Checking school facilities and resources.
o
Interviewing staff, students, and administrators.
o
Reviewing statutory records.
3.
Post-inspection stage:
o
Writing interim and final inspection reports.
o
Providing feedback to school management.
o
Recommending improvements and professional development.
✅ Tips for PDE-116 Exam:
1.
Use tables for comparisons (e.g., supervision
vs inspection).
2.
Give examples wherever possible.
3.
Structure answers with
subheadings – easier for marks allocation.
4.
Link theory to practice – show how
inspection affects school improvement.